seashells jewelry,
pukalet,
nasa shell,
cyprea mauretiana,
pecten palleum,
brown lip,
blacklip,
sigay shells,
raw shell,
tortella,
gifts,
leis shellcrafts,
clams raw,
conus stripe,
earrings,
paua,
pokalets,
hawaii,
seashell,
philippines,
wallets shell,
hawaiian jewelry,
coral,
capis shells,
shell leis,
leis puka,
cut sigay,
assorted shell,
murex torrifactus,
philippine shells,
pinkrode,
land snail,
tiger cowry,
hawaiian,
exporters,
shells,
shells accessory,
shell bracelets,
whole sale,
conus aulicus,
white clam,
frogshell,
fusos calus,
turbo pitholatus,
white,
violet oyster,
hair accessory,
pawa,
black tab,
casis bibex,
enlay,
brown lip,
black agate,
mitra papales,
cockle,
abalone,
wholesaler,
ovula ovum,
tiger brownlip,
troca bead,
notorium,
haliotis asinana,
pukalet,
shell necklaces,
leis pukka,
natural,
murex treremis,
shell jewelry,
phjilippine shells,
tuna fasciolata,
snail,
shells fashion,
decorative,
brown-lip shell heishe,
conus virgo,
black pen heishe,
conus omaria,
m.o.p,
ornament,
strombus latesimus,
supplier shells,
conus marmereous,
white clam,
brown conus,
pendants,
black olive,
conus,
murex indivia longspine,
sundial landsnail,
philippine,
troka,
troca female pearlized,
black leaf,
shells necklace,
raw material,
shells components,
yellow punaw,
shell pendants,
philippine shellcraft,
white abalone,
brown fusus,
natural body jewelry,
white rose,
shells bracelets,
brown cockle,
shells jewelries,
fashion,
shell-madebelts,
maxima clam,
pectin nobiles,
nautilus,
barnacle,
mactan beauty,
capiz hanging lamps,
shells pendants,
pecten vexillum orange,
shell anklets,
components of mother peral mop,
frog shell,
gift items,
novelty,
shells necklaces,
wholesale,
wallets shell,
trocca,
black pen squarecutrs,
cardium cardissa,
embonium shell,
shell inlay,
capis shell,
decorative shell,
casis cornuta,
troka,
lambis milladeda,
black lip,
hair ornaments,
terebra maculata,
lambis scorpio,
export,
shell fashion,
white shell,
blacktab black lip brown lip,
cyprea vitilus,
troca male,
murex zamboi,
earing,
temriata,
shell leis,
cyprea arabeca,
troca sprial polished,
mother of pearl,
philippines eas shells,
hammershell,
puka shell jewelry and accessory,
murex borneous,
earring,
puka shell,
painted,
hair accessories,
puka,
sea urchin,
cyprea lynx,
hipopos,
oliva,
conus textile,
blacktab,
lampshade,
spondylus orange,
mop shell raw,
cowrie,
shell bracelet,
item gift,
shell carrier,
shellcrafts,
caput shell,
shell accessories,
brownlip,
exporter of fashion shell,
conus capitaneous,
shell necklace,
ornamental,
whole saler,
capis lamps,
shell tiles,
products,
coco shell,
shell madebelts,
clams,
natural fashion jewelry,
spondylus tsenensis,
voluta,
capiz,
green abalone,
white shell,
cordakia tigpena,
craft shells,
shelltiles,
troca,
varian,
shell component,
polished shells,
pokalet,
shell lampshades,
shell accessories,
shell hawaiian,
hammer,
inlaid,
shark teeth,
silver mouth,
puka shell,
green shell heishe,
gold lip,
silver mouth,
telena vergata,
bursa rubeya,
supplier,
cay-cay,
nassa,
sigay,
rapa - rapana,
shell tiles,
luhuanus,
pearls,
ethnic shell,
supplies,
shellcraft,
moonshell orange,
landsnail,
shell hairclips,
capiz shell,
cyprea moneta,
shell inlayed,
moonshell white,
shell inlayed,
item,
strombus mariabelles,
pillary,
capiz shells,
raw shells,
heishi,
strombus ovula,
leis,
paua,
pyrum,
conus magus,
triton,
casis bandatum,
chama lazarus,
shellcraft,
wallers,
tuna perdix,
murex ramusus,
coco shells,
capiz lamps,
puka necklace,
wallets,
shells beads,
monggo shell,
violet oyster shell heishe,
decoration,
black lip,
mello,
components part,
shell heishie,
inlay,
eggshell,
murex alabaster,
strombus sinautus,
murex huastillum,
lei,
conus literatus,
vertagos,
sheashells,
native,
hair,
components,
shell jewelries,
cyprea pappa,
conus stratus,
puka necklaces,
lambis troncata,
capis hanging lamp,
melo shell,
shell inlay,
craft,
black lambis - lambis,
tuna zulcosa,
distrosioanus,
shell fashion accessories,
exporter,
melo,
white clam,
spondylus barbatus,
mop,
toribellum,
hammer shells,
hair ornament,
component part,
shells heishe,
shell jewelry necklace,
cyprea onyx,
shells bracelet,
heishe pokalet,
capiz raw,
crafts,
clam raw,
shell beads,
shell inlay shell tiles,
puka shell jewelry,
white rose,
heishe,
troca female natural polished,
silver mouth,
hearshell,
clam,
chamber nautilus,
shell inlay shell tiles,
whole sale,
earings,
dyed white rose,
conus sowerby,
shells puka,
mitra - mitra,
lambis crocata,
cyprea talpa,
fasciolaria,
hand made,
shell,
cardium unido,
shells jewelry,
bursa ranilla,
raw,
nasa shell,
capis,
shell shell,
shell jewelry s,
lamps,
m.o.p ornament,
lambis - lambis natural,
troca strawberry,
lambis cheragra,
seashells components,
lamp shade,
shark tooth,
shells anklets,
rose clam,
shell jewelry,
jewelry shell,
capis raw,
strombus canarium,
shell beads,
harda - harda,
puka heishi,
tebia fusos,
troca female matura

C. cribraria is not known to occur in Mauritius; Viader (Maurit. Inst. Bull., 1(2), 1937), recorded C. cribraria from
Mauritius, however, Viader's records are unreliable, and were compiled from literature records and not actual specimens
examined. Viader reports Pacific species, e.g. C. eburnea, C. mariae and C. gaskoini from Mauritius.

C. esontropia most probably evolved from C. cribraria, through effective geographical isolation, on the same lines as C.
caputdraconis from Easter Island (Pacific), C. semiplota Mighels and C. granulata Pease, from Philippines, and C.
erythraeensis Sowerby, from the Red Sea region. C. esontropia is regarded as a weak species by some, strong subspecies by
others, and a valid species by most workers.

"There seems to be a strong superstition, Sheriff Kiego told me, that it was a quite common belief among the Trukese people
that when a Trukese dies, his spirit enters a Golden Cowry and for that reason, very few are taken. The student at Yap
promised me he would get me a pair of good Golden Cowries if he could persuade the head chief to let him send them to me, but
I have not received the shells."

Walter O. Cernohorsky, previously quoted in this story, writes with information concerning the salinity of the water
preferred by the Golden Cowry. Our article had insisted that the shell prefers maximum salinity. On this subject, he writes
as follows:

"Normally, I find that Cypraea stay away from areas where fresh water enters the sea. However, this is not so in the case of
C. aurantium and a few other species of the Nadroga reef. Quite a large river, the Sigatoka river is discharging water into
the sea near the town of Sigatoka, which is on the Nadroga reef. I had 12 C. aurantium which were collected only 1 mile from
the delta of the river. About 5 miles in a SE direction is another small river discharging into the sea. In the same
locality, on the reef I saw 3 C. aurantium collected. At the extreme end of the Nadroga reef is another larger river, the
Navua, discharging into the sea."

With no thought of entering into a controversy and guided only by a desire to learn the truth of the matter, we suppose a
definite answer will not be obtained until samples of the water in which the Golden Cowry have been found are sent in sterile
bottles to the University of Philippines for a chemical analysis of their contents. We submit, however, that with mammoth
breakers pouring in from the boundless sea with such force that the shell cannot "hold on" as Mr. Cernohorsky says, the water
would not be contaminated to any great extent by the fresh water from a river a mile away. Looks like a great project for
some young marine biologist.

It will probably come as a surprise to many shell collectors that the Golden Cowry has found a place in the novels of the
South Seas. This fact was called to our attention by Stanley Levine of Long Island who writes:

"In one of Jack London's South Sea Tales entitled 'Yah! Yah! Yah!', is the following passage:
'One day, I happened to speak of my disappointment in failing to trade for a beautiful pair of orange cowries. The pair was
worth five pounds in Sydney if it was worth a cent. I had offered two hundred sticks of tobacco to the owner, who had held
out for three hundred.'
"Mr. London placed the locality of this story at Oolong Atoll, four degrees south latitude, and two hundred and fifty miles
from the nearest land, probably in Melanesia, but populated by Polynesians."

That's all for now. We hope this research will be continued by others and that future information may be published in the
Sean Raynon Sabado especially in non-scientific form and for it's news value only. If you must be scientific about it, try
The Veliger or The Nautilus but send the Shell News a reprint.